cell types for cultivated meat production
October 13, 2023
| Cell Source | Relevant Cell Types | Location of Cell Type In Vivo | Method to Obtain | Proliferative Capacity | Differentiation Potential | Cell Type Markers | Isolated from Relevant Species |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult stem cells | Muscle satellite cells | Beneath basement membrane of skeletal myotubes | Muscle biopsy | Limited | Skeletal myotubes | Pax7 M-cadherin Syndecan-4 CXCR4 α-7 integrin VCAM-1 CD56 | Bovine [18] Galline [19] Ovine [20] Piscine [21] Porcine [22] |
| Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) | Numerous locations (ex. bone marrow, umbilical cord, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue) | Tissue biopsy | Limited | Adipocytes Chondrocytes Fibroblasts | CD105 CD73 CD90 Sca-1 PDGFRα | Bovine [23,24,25] Galline [26] Ovine [27] Porcine [28] | |
| Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) | Interstitial space of skeletal muscle | Muscle biopsy | Limited | Adipocytes Fibroblasts | Sca-1 PDGFRα | Bovine [29,30] Porcine [31,32] | |
| Pluripotent stem cells | Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) | Inner cell mass of blastocyst | Isolate from inner cell mass | Indefinite | Any cell type | Oct4 Sox2 Nanog c-Myc Klf4 | Bovine [33] Galline [34] Ovine [35] Piscine [36,37] Porcine [38] |
| Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) | N/A | Somatic cell reprogramming – Overexpression of pluripotent transcription factors – Small-molecule-mediated reprogramming | Indefinite | Any cell type | Oct4 Sox2 Nanog c-Myc Klf4 | Bovine [39] Galline [40,41] Ovine [42] Porcine [43] |
